Data Analysis Procedure: Quantitative Data Analysis

  Data analysis is a process of inspecting, cleaning, transforming and modeling data with the goal of underlining essential information, suggesting conclusions, and supporting decision making (Ader, 2008). It is the process which follows after data collection. For the purpose of this guide, two data analysis procedures, namely quantitative and qualitative are briefly highlighted:   […]

Qualitative Data Analysis Procedure

  Qualitative data is information gathered in a non-numeric form. Common examples of such data are: Interview guides, Field (observation) notes (notes taken in the field being studied), Video, Audio recordings, Images, Documents (reports, meeting minutes, e-mails).   Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA) is the range of procedures involving various steps: from collecting data to some […]

Research Ethical Considerations

  Ethical considerations in research form an important component of research as far as conduct of researchers is concerned.  This guide briefly explores the following ethical considerations which a researcher should consider when and/or before undertaking a study:   Voluntary participation (Informed consent): The principle of voluntary participation requires that people not be coerced into […]

Referencing Styles

Today, there are various referencing (citation) styles that are in use. Different academic disciplines have differing priorities of what is important for the subsequent reader of an academic paper; different colleges, universities and publishers have differing rules about the citation of sources and referencing styles. For the purpose of this guide, APA style which is […]