Survey research design is one of the most popular descriptive research designs used by students of research, practitioners and scholars. Surveys are broadly classified into two, namely cross-sectional and longitudinal surveys. Cross-sectional Survey Cross-sectional Surveys are primarily used to determine prevalence which equals the number of cases in a population at a given point […]
Owing to the confusion surrounding research designs and approaches, this guide briefly explores two major research paradigms, namely qualitative and quantitative along with a ‘tier approach’, namely Mixed Method Approach (Creswell, 2003). It should be noted that all the research designs fall either under qualitative or quantitative approach or both, that is mixed research […]
A mixed methods research design is a procedure for collecting, analysing, and “mixing” both quantitative and qualitative research approaches in a single study to understand a research problem. With the mixed methods approach to research, researchers incorporate methods of collecting or analyzing data from the quantitative and qualitative research approaches in a single research […]
The target population in a study is the entire set of units for which the study data are to be used to make inferences (Cox, 2013). Defining the target population in any study is as important as identifying the study objectives. According to Gall, Borg and Gall (2003), a target population provides a solid […]
3.4.1 Sample Size A sample is a smaller (but hopefully representative) collection of units from a population used to determine truths about that population (Field, 2005). Sample size determination involves establishing the number of observations to include in a statistical sample while ensuring representativeness. Determination of sample size differs depending on the research design. For […]
The ever increasing need for a representative statistical sample in empirical research has created the demand for an effective method of determining sample size. To address the existing gap, Krejcie & Morgan (1970) came up with a table for determining sample size for a given population for easy reference. Table 1: Table for Determining […]
3.4.2 Sampling Procedures Sampling is a process or technique of choosing a sub-group from a population to participate in the study; it is the process of selecting a number of individuals for a study in such a way that the individuals selected represent the large group from which they were selected (Ogula, 2005). There are […]
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