Author: KENPRO

Importance of Literature Review

By Anthony M. Wanjohi: Review of literature in any study is not a cup of tea; it requires scholarly maturity. Good review of literature is a sign of professional maturity; it shows one’s grasp of the field, one’s methodological sophistication in critiquing others’ research, and the breadth and depth of one’s reading (Krathwohl , 1988). There […]

Caution to Take in Literature Review

Review of literature requires one to take some level of caution, including but not limited to the following: use of evidence when reviewing, being selective, sparingly using quotes, maintaining one’s own voice, accurately paraphrasing and revising the review.   Using evidence When reviewing literature, it in vital to refer to several other sources when advancing […]

Steps in Developing Literature Review

By Anthony M. Wanjohi: There are a number of steps one should consider when developing literature. These include the following: seeking clarification, establishing the sources of information, considering whether the sources are current, critically analyzing the content and considering organization of literature. Seeking Clarification about Literature Review Before embarking on review of literature, first seek […]

3.0 RESEARCH DESIGNS AND METHODOLOGY

  Research Methodology The research methodology is the systematic, theoretical analysis of the procedures applied to a field of study (Kothari, 2004). It involves procedures of describing, explaining and predicting phenomena so as to solve a problem; it is the ‘hows’; the process or techniques of conducting research. A Methodology does not set out to […]

Research Designs: Experimental Research Designs

  There are as many types of research designs as there are types of research. For the purpose of this guide, this section provides an overview of the major types of research and designs that are commonly adopted by the students of research and practitioners. The designs are broadly classified into two: descriptive and Experimental […]

Non-experimental Research Designs

  Besides experimental research designs (which rely more on random and laboratory controls), there are other types of research and designs which are more descriptive and may not necessarily rely on random and laboratory controls.  These include but not limited to Case study research design, Content Analysis research design , Causal Comparative (Ex Post Facto) research design, […]

Non-experimental Research Designs – continued

Grounded Theory Research Design According to Creswell (2003), in grounded theory research a researcher attempts to derive a general, abstract theory of a process, action, or interaction grounded in the views of participants in a study” (p. 14). Leedy and Ormrod (2001) further observes that grounded theory research begins with data that develops into a […]