Qualitative
Data Analysis
By
Anthony M. Wanjohi
Introduction
What is Qualitative Data?
Qualitative data is information gathered in a nonnumeric form.
Common examples of such data are:
NB.: Qualitative data is principally derived from
interview and focus group discussions
What is Qualitative Data Analysis?
Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA) is the range of processes and
procedures whereby we move from the qualitative data that have been collected
into some form of explanation, understanding or interpretation of the people
and situations we are investigating. QDA is usually based on an interpretative
philosophy. The idea is to examine the meaningful and symbolic content of
qualitative data. For example, by analyzing interview data the researcher may
be attempting to identify any or all of:
The process of QDA usually involves two things, writing and the
identification of themes. Writing of some kind is found in almost all forms of
QDA. Finding themes is part of the overwhelming majority of QDA carried out
today.
Steps in Qualitative Data Analysis
Suppose you are conducting a give research using qualitative
research design and you choose (purposively) to interview a certain number of
participants using an in-depth, unstructured interview guide. The following
basic steps could be used to record and analyze your data:
Resources
Pope C,
Mays N, editors. Qualitative research in health care. 2nd
ed. London: BMJ; 2000. (The chapters in this book are on the BMJ
website for free).
Morse JM, Richards L. Read me first for a user’s guide to
qualitative research. London: Sage Publications; 2002. (Good for
explaining the different theoretical approaches).
Creswell
J.W. Qualitative inquiry and research design – Choosing among
the 5 traditions. London: Sage
Publications; 1998. (More detailed than Morse and Richards)
Miles MB, Huberman AM. Qualitative data analysis. London:
Sage Publications; 1994. (Very specialist)
Coffey, A., B. Holbrook and P. Atkinson (1996) 'Qualitative
Data Analysis: Technologies and Representations', Sociological Research Online,
vol. 1, no. 1. Available online at: http://www.socresonline.org.uk/1/1/4.html
Gibbs, G R
(2002) Qualitative Data Analysis: Explorations with NVivo. Buckingham: Open University Press.
Seidel, J. & Kelle,
U. (1995) 'Different Functions of Coding in the Analysis of Textual
Data' in U. Kelle (editor)
Computer-Aided Qualitative Data Analysis: Theory, Methods and
Practice. London: Sage.
Seidel, J
(1998) Qualitative Data Analysis. The Ethnograph v5
Manual, Appendix E.
Available online at: http://www.qualisresearch.com/
Suggested Citation
Wanjohi, A.M. (2010). Qualitative
Data Analysis.KENPRO Publications. Available online at http://www.kenpro.org/papers/qualitative-data-analysis.htm
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